Humphrey DeForest Bogart (December 25, 1899 – January 14, 1957) was an American film and theater actor. His performances in numerous films from the Classical Hollywood era made him a cultural icon. In 1999, the American Film Institute selected him as the greatest male star of classic American cinema.Bogart began acting in Broadway shows after World War I. After the Wall Street Crash of 1929, he began his movie career in Up the River, a comedy directed by John Ford. The film also starred Spencer Tracy; Bogart played the romantic role in a part as large as Tracy's, despite Bogart's much lower billing. Bogart appeared in various supporting parts, struggling for several years, sometimes portraying gangsters due to his resemblance to John Dillinger. He was highly praised for his work in The Petrified Forest (1936), which was his big break into the Warner Bros. gangster pantheon. Bogart had originated the role of Duke Mantee in the 1935 Broadway production, but Warner Bros. wanted to cast the then much better-known actor Edward G. Robinson for the film adaptation. However, Leslie Howard, who played the protagonist in both the play and the film, insisted on Bogart being given the part.Bogart's breakthrough from supporting roles to A-list stardom came with his performances in High Sierra and The Maltese Falcon (both 1941). His first true romantic lead role came when he appeared alongside Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca (1942), finally ending his typecasting as a gangster. He and Lauren Bacall fell in love when they appeared together in To Have and Have Not (1944). After their marriage, she also played his love interest in The Big Sleep (1946), Dark Passage (1947), and Key Largo (1948). Bogart later starred in The African Queen (1951) with Katharine Hepburn, and several films released in 1954: The Caine Mutiny with Fred MacMurray, Sabrina with Audrey Hepburn, and The Barefoot Contessa with Ava Gardner. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for Casablanca and The Caine Mutiny, and won for The African Queen.

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